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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Biome --- ecosystem function --- functional traits --- vegetation --- evolutionary history --- Biogeographic history --- Biome transitions
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Science: general issues --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- Biome --- ecosystem function --- functional traits --- vegetation --- evolutionary history --- Biogeographic history --- Biome transitions
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Science: general issues --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- Biome --- ecosystem function --- functional traits --- vegetation --- evolutionary history --- Biogeographic history --- Biome transitions
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This open access book explores a wide-ranging discussion about the sociopolitical, cultural, and scientific ramifications of speciesism and world views that derive from it. In this light, it integrates subjects across the natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities. The 21st-century western world is anthropocentric to an extreme; we adopt unreasonably self-centered and self-serving ideas and lifestyles. Americans consume more energy resources per person than most other nations on Earth and have little concept of how human ecology and population biology interface with global sustainability. We draw upon religion, popular culture, politics, and technology to justify our views and actions, yet remain self-centered because our considerations rarely extend beyond our immediate interests. Stepping upward on the hierarchy from “racism,” “speciesism” likewise refers to the view that unique natural kinds (species) exist and are an important structural element of biodiversity. This ideology manifests in the cultural idea that humans are distinct from and intrinsically superior to other forms of life. It further carries a plurality of implications for how we perceive ourselves in relation to nature, how we view Judeo-Christian religions and their tenets, how we respond to scientific data about social problems such as climate change, and how willing we are to change our actions in the face of evidence.
Evolution --- Climate change --- History --- Conservation of the environment --- Ethics & moral philosophy --- Sustainability --- Speciesism --- anthropocentric practices --- conservation biology --- ecological and evolutionary history --- environmental ethics --- religion and culture
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Mammals first evolved at about the same time as dinosaurs, and their story is perhaps the more fascinating of the two-in part because it is also our own story. In this literate and entertaining book, eminent naturalist David Rains Wallace brings the saga of ancient mammals to a general audience for the first time. Using artist Rudolph Zallinger's majestic The Age of Mammals mural at the Peabody Museum as a frame for his narrative, Wallace deftly moves over varied terrain-drawing from history, science, evolutionary theory, and art history-to present a lively account of fossil discoveries and an overview of what those discoveries have revealed about early mammals and their evolution. In these pages we encounter towering mammoths, tiny horses, giant-clawed ground sloths, whales with legs, uintatheres, zhelestids, and other exotic extinct creatures as well as the scientists who discovered and wondered about their remains. We meet such memorable figures as Georges Cuvier, Richard Owen, Edward D. Cope, George Gaylord Simpson, and Stephen Jay Gould and learn of their heated disputes, from Cuvier's and Owen's fights with early evolutionists to present controversies over the Late Cretaceous mass extinction. Wallace's own lifelong interest in evolution is reflected in the book's evocative and engaging style and in the personal experiences he expertly weaves into the tale, providing an altogether expansive perspective on what Darwin described as the "grandeur" of evolution.
Mammals --- Mammals, Fossil. --- Amniotes, Fossil --- Vertebrates, Fossil --- Evolution. --- ancient mammals. --- art history. --- controversial. --- dawn horses. --- early mammals. --- evolution. --- evolutionary biology. --- evolutionary history. --- evolutionary science. --- evolutionary theory. --- evolutionists. --- exotic creatures. --- extinct animals. --- fossils. --- historians. --- historical. --- late cretaceous period. --- life sciences. --- mammal evolution. --- mammals. --- mass extinction. --- natural history. --- naturalists. --- nonfiction. --- paleontology. --- richard owen. --- sloths. --- walking whales. --- zhelestids. --- zoology.
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This unprecedented volume presents a sweeping picture of what we know about the natural history, biology, and ecology of whales in the broad context of the dynamics of ocean ecosystems. Innovative and comprehensive, the volume encompasses multiple points of view to consider the total ecological impact of industrial whaling on the world's oceans. Combining empirical research, ecological theory and modeling, and historical data, its chapters present perspectives from ecology, population biology, physiology, genetics, evolutionary history, ocean biogeography, economics, culture, and law, among other disciplines. Throughout, contributors investigate how whaling fundamentally disrupted ocean ecosystems, examine the various roles whales play in food webs, and discuss the continuing ecological chain reactions to the depletion of these large animals. In addition to reviewing what is known of the current and historic whale populations, Whales, Whaling, and Ocean Ecosystems considers how this knowledge will bear on scientific approaches to conservation and whaling in the future and provocatively asks whether it is possible to restore ocean ecosystems to their pre-whaling condition.
Whales --- Marine ecology. --- Whaling --- Cetacea --- Biological oceanography --- Marine ecosystems --- Ocean --- Aquatic ecology --- Commercial whaling --- Hunting, Whale --- Whale fisheries --- Whale hunting --- Fisheries --- Ecology. --- Environmental aspects. --- Ecology --- comprehensive. --- culture and law. --- dynamics of ocean ecosystems. --- ecological impact of industrial whaling. --- ecological theory. --- ecology. --- economics. --- empirical research. --- evolutionary history. --- genetics. --- historical data. --- innovative. --- ocean biogeography. --- overview of whales and ecosystems. --- physiology. --- population biology. --- whales.
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Phylogeography of California examines the evolution of a variety of taxa-ancient and recent, native and migratory-to elucidate evolutionary events both major and minor that shaped the distribution, radiation, and speciation of the biota of California. The book also interprets evolutionary history in a geological context and reviews new and emerging phylogeographic patterns. Focusing on a region that is defined by physical and political boundaries, Kristina A. Schierenbeck provides a phylogeographic survey of California's diverse flora and fauna according to their major organismal groups. Life history and ecological characteristics, which play prominent roles in the various outcomes for respective clades, are also considered throughout the work. Supporting scholars and researchers who study evolutionary diversification, the book analyzes research that helps assess one of the major challenges in phylogeographic studies: understanding changes in population structures shaped by geological and geographical processes. California is one of only twenty-five acknowledged biological hotspots worldwide, and the phylogeographic history of the state can be extrapolated to study other regions in western North America. Further consideration is given to implications for conservation, recommendations concerning the biogeographic provinces that roughly define the state of California, and predictions related to climate change.
Geology --- Phylogeography --- Biogeography --- Phylogeography - California. --- animal life. --- animals in california. --- biogeographic. --- biological hotspot. --- biota. --- botany. --- california. --- climate change. --- conservation. --- contemporary geographic distributions. --- evolution. --- evolutionary diversification. --- evolutionary history. --- flora and fauna. --- genetics. --- geographic distribution of individuals. --- global warming. --- historical processes. --- phylogeography. --- plant life. --- plants in california. --- population genetics. --- population structures. --- scientists. --- united states of america. --- western north america. --- zoology.
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Rereading the Fossil Record presents the first-ever historical account of the origin, rise, and importance of paleobiology, from the mid-nineteenth century to the late 1980s. Drawing on a wealth of archival material, David Sepkoski shows how the movement was conceived and promoted by a small but influential group of paleontologists and examines the intellectual, disciplinary, and political dynamics involved in the ascendency of paleobiology. By tracing the role of computer technology, large databases, and quantitative analytical methods in the emergence of paleobiology, this book also offers insight into the growing prominence and centrality of data-driven approaches in recent science.
Paleobiology --- Paleontology --- Palaeobiology --- Biology --- History. --- fossils, archaeology, paleontology, paleobiology, growth, academic, scholarly, discipline, evolution, evolutionary, history, historical, 19th century, 1900s, contemporary, modern, archival, study, research, college, university, textbook, higher ed, classroom, instructor, politics, political, controversy, science, scientific, scientist, theory, theoretical, macroevolution.
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Popular culture is rife with movies, books, and television shows that address our collective curiosity about what the world was like long ago. From historical dramas to science fiction tales of time travel, audiences love stories that reimagine the world before our time. But what if there were a field that, through the advancements in technology, could bring us closer to the past than ever before? Written by a preeminent expert in geospatial archaeology, Maps for Time Travelers is a guide to how technology is revolutionizing the way archaeologists study and reconstruct humanity’s distant past. From satellite imagery to 3D modeling, today archaeologists are answering questions about human history that could previously only be imagined. As archaeologists create a better and more complete picture of the past, they sometimes find that truth is stranger than fiction.
Archaeology --- Remote sensing. --- 3d scanning. --- ancient civilizations. --- ancient cultures. --- anthropology. --- applied science. --- archaeologists. --- archaeology. --- carbon dating. --- dig site. --- digital atlas. --- digital mapping. --- drone technology. --- evolutionary history. --- geophysical diffraction. --- geospatial archaeology. --- geospatial technology. --- history. --- human history. --- laser scanning. --- lasers. --- modeling. --- nature. --- nonfiction. --- paleoindian database. --- prehistory. --- ruins. --- science. --- social science. --- stem. --- terrestrial laser.
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More than three hundred million years ago-a relatively recent date in the two billion years since life first appeared-vertebrate animals first ventured onto land. This usefully illustrated book describes how some finned vertebrates acquired limbs, giving rise to more than 25,000 extant tetrapod species. Michel Laurin uses paleontological, geological, physiological, and comparative anatomical data to describe this monumental event. He summarizes key concepts of modern paleontological research, including biological nomenclature, paleontological and molecular dating, and the methods used to infer phylogeny and character evolution. Along with a discussion of the evolutionary pressures that may have led vertebrates onto dry land, the book also shows how extant vertebrates yield clues about the conquest of land and how scientists uncover evolutionary history.
Vertebrates --- Evolution. --- acanthostega. --- acquired limbs. --- actinopterygians. --- adaptation. --- character evolution. --- dinosaurs. --- evolution. --- evolutionary history. --- evolutionary processes. --- evolutionary science. --- extant species. --- extant vertebrates. --- extinct animals. --- finned vertebrates. --- fossils. --- geology. --- life on earth. --- life sciences. --- limbs. --- molecular dating. --- nonfiction. --- paleontological dating. --- paleontology. --- phylogeny. --- popular science. --- science. --- tetrapods. --- vertebrate animals. --- vertebrates. --- zoology.
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